We engage with the Regulatory Affairs functions of healthcare companies worldwide from development to market and beyond, from clinical to post-approval and compliance work.
Pharmalink spans the entire healthcare vertical:
| | | Interim Staffing - Whether your requirement is for one week or one year, or simply an extra resource to meet a deadline, Pharmalink can help. We can provide experienced regulatory affairs consultants with a wide range of experience, providing “like skills” for the worker who is out on leave. |
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| | | eCTD - The eCTD is the electronic equivalent of the CTD, which is the standard format for submissions to the authorities and agencies responsible for regulation of pharmaceutical products, in the USA, Europe and Japan. |
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| | | Pharmaceutical - Our core business area is the regulation of pharmaceutical products. The Pharmalink team is comprised of consultants with experience of all aspects of regulatory affairs of pharmaceutical products in markets worldwide.
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| | | Biotech - As the number of products derived from biotechnology has increased, so has our range of consulting services to support this industry. Pharmalink consultants working in this field have gained extensive experience in all aspects of biotech regulatory affairs.
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| | | Medical Devices - Medical Devices - Pharmalink provide a full range of consulting and contract services for the development and registration of medical devices. Our consultants have vast experience of all aspects of this field and we specialise in providing the right consultant to work on your project.
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| | | Consumer Healthcare - Using the recently devised systems to allow the reclassification (POM to P Switching) of your product, we can provide the experience to expedite the transition. We also offer full management of OTC medicines including authoring and user testing of Patient Information Leaflets, MA extensions and renewals. . |
22/2/2009 | Kategori:
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Free-piston engines could be used to generate electricity as efficiently as, and less expensively than, fuel cells.An unconventional engine design is attracting attention as a potential alternative to hydrogen fuel cells or conventional engines in some hybrid vehicles. Called the free-piston engine, it could be used to generate electricity as efficiently as fuel cells yet cost less.Free-piston engines aren't new: they were invented in the 1920s. But the increased recent focus on hybrid cars has led a growing number of research groups and automakers to start research programs to develop the technology. Unlike in conventional engines, there is no mechanical connection between the piston and a crankshaft (hence the name free-piston). Since the design allows for improved combustion and less friction, the engines could be far more efficient in generating electricity than either conventional generators or newer fuel-cell technology.Having a cheap and efficient way to generate electricity is becoming more important as automakers develop electric vehicles with onboard generators for recharging the battery pack and extending range. Such vehicles, called series plug-in hybrids or extended-range electric vehicles, are to be sold starting in late 2010. (Click here for a comparison of different hybrid and electric vehicle types.) The first will use generators based on conventional engines. But later models could incorporate fuel cells or other unconventional generators, such as free-piston engines.The potential high efficiency of free-piston engines gives them an advantage over conventional generators, and their ability to use a variety of fuels is an advantage over hydrogen fuel cells. What's more, free-piston engines don't require expensive materials such as the platinum catalysts needed in fuel cells, so they could be cheaper too.Automakers such as GM, Lotus, and Volvo have started to investigate the possibility of using such engines in future vehicles. Meanwhile, in the past couple of years, an increasing number of academic research teams have started developing the engines. So far, most have focused on computer simulations. An exception is a research group at Sandia National Laboratory led by Sandia researcher Peter Van Blarigan that has been testing physical components of free-piston engines. He is assembling a complete free-piston engine prototype, a project that he expects to complete within a year.In conventional internal combustion engines, multiple pistons are connected via rods to a crankshaft that, via the transmission, drives the wheels. Free-piston engines do away with the crankshaft: the pistons aren't connected to anything. Instead, two opposing pistons just shuttle back and forth inside a chamber. To generate electricity, the pistons could be equipped with rows of magnets that shuttle past metal coils to create an electrical current.Van Blarigan's experiments suggest that these engines could be 50 percent efficient at generating electricity--close to the efficiency of hydrogen fuel cells and much more efficient than conventional generators. Free-piston engines are efficient in part because they have fewer moving parts than conventional engines do. The engine configuration also makes it practical to tune the engine so that the fuel in a combustion chamber burns very quickly. Faster combustion allows the engine to get more work out of a given amount of fuel, improving efficiency. It can also improve emissions.The free-piston design can also allow the engine to be instantly optimized for different fuels, such as hydrogen, natural gas, ethanol, gasoline, and diesel. Ideally, drivers could use whatever fuel is cheap and readily available.The development of free-piston engines, however, is still at an early stage. "The free-piston has some unique features--simplicity and variable compression--which make it intriguing," says Gary Smyth, the science director of GM's Powertrain Systems Research Lab. "But [they] also pose a number of challenges."Van Blarigan says that one major concern is the sound of the engines: the fast explosions are very loud and will be difficult to muffle. But perhaps the biggest issue is control. In a conventional engine, the movement of the pistons is constrained by the rods and crankshaft, which help even out any variations from cycle to cycle. The free-piston engine is more flexible. That allows for using different fuels, but it makes necessary some sort of active control mechanism to ensure that each cycle is the same: variations could cause poor performance and increased emissions. High-speed computers and the ability to electronically control piston movement in a free-piston generator (via the coils and magnets) could help engineers solve this problem.Whether the engines will be significantly cheaper and more efficient than conventional engines is unclear, says John Heywood, a professor of mechanical engineering at MIT. "There's been enough development to say that it works. But with very different engine geometries, it's hard to work out just how good it is. Is it really better?" As research progresses, it will need to answer questions about efficiency, emissions, performance, and especially cost, Heywood says.Meanwhile, conventional internal combustion engines keep getting better, which could make it difficult for the free-piston design to get a foothold
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Multi-axis X-Y linear motorized positioning stage
ABTech inc's Mini X-Y Linear Motor stage combines Copley Controls, Thrust Tube "Micro" series linear motors with non-contact linear encoders and precision mechanical guideway bearings to produce a unique lightweight, low mass and low profile, linear motor positioning stage.
This design incorporates the linear motors coil (forcer) as the stages workholding carriage while the linear mechanical guideway bearings provide load support, travel straightness and orthogonality for accurate positioning and repeatability.
The Thrust Tube linear motors are electrically identical to conventional brushless DC motors making them compatible to most third party brushless drives.
These mini X-Y stages are ideally suited for pick-and-place or point-to-point positioning applications such as biomedical sample handling or inspection.
ABTech's modular design approach and full engineering services can respond quickly to provide a solution to your O.E.M. needs for ultra-precision linear motion.
Features
Thrust Tube "Micro" series brushless DC linear motors
Precision linear mechanical guideway bearings
Non-contact linear encoders
Position accuracy & repeatability: ±0.000080" (±2.0µm)
Motor drive amplifiers
Motion controllers
Custom bases
Complete turn-key systems
Modular design
22/2/2009 | Kategori:
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By continuously measuring surface tension, the OL-55 monitors the level of surface active chemical additives in water-based process liquids. Based on the information from the measurement the operator can either manually dose chemicals into the process or the optional auto-dosing system can be used.
On-line tensiometer
Continuous monitoring of surface tension and other parameters, including pH, temperature, and conductivity, in various process liquids for optimising the dosing of chemicals
Rugged design for factory applications
Fully automatic computer controlled operation
Patented technology
Benefits
Eliminates overdosing of surfactants - reducing costs
Controls processes - improves efficiency and quality
Reduces waste and improves yield
Improves environmental control
Extends chemical lifetime in processes
Specifications |
Surface tension measuring range | | 20 to 80 mN/m |
Resolution | | 0.1 mN/m |
Update time for liquid
| | 3 minutes from change in process liquid |
Temperature measuring range (optional)
| | 15 to 85°C |
pH measuring range (optional)
| | 2 to 14
|
Flow rate
| | 18 l/h
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Self-cleaning filter
| | Standard 100 μm (others by request) |
Voltage
| | 100-240 V (automatic) 50/60 Hz
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Power consumpiton
| | < 60 W
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Fuses | | 315 mA
|
Dimensions | | 544 x 428 x 236 mm (H x L x D) |
Optional features
| | On-line pH monitoring On-line conductivity monitoring
On-line process temperature measurement Automatic dosing of surfactants and clean water |
22/2/2009 | Kategori:
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11/1/2009 · Kategori: Sağlık
LONDON, England (CNN) -- A new robotic suit could transform the lives of paralyzed people, giving them the ability to walk again.
The invention, known as ReWalk, acts like a kind of exoskeleton. It consists of lightweight, motorized leg supports and an assortment of intricate motion sensors.
Users wear a backpack that holds a computerized control box which helps the medical device recognize when a step needs to be taken.
"Standing changes my whole environment. I don't have to look from the bottom up. Now I am eye to eye with everybody," Radi Kaiof, who has used the device, told CNN.
Kaiof, a former Israeli soldier, was paralyzed from the waist down 20 years ago. He doesn't have feeling in his legs but is still able to move with the use of the robotic suit
With the assistance of crutches, which offer balance and support, people paralyzed from the waist down can walk, bend, sit and even climb stairs when they wear the suit.
The futuristic invention offers an alternative to using a wheelchair for those who have functioning upper bodies and are capable of standing with the use of supports.
It is the creation of Dr. Amit Goffer, an engineer and founder of Haifa, Israel-based high-tech firm Argo Medical Technologies. Goffer was inspired to create the device more than a decade ago after he became disabled in an accident.
The medical technology that could help paraplegics do what was once considered impossible isn't available for purchase yet. The device wasn't ready for testing until late 2007 and currently is in clinical trials in Tel Aviv. 
More trials are planned for the United States and Europe, and if the product receives the necessary approvals, it could hit the market in 2010.
The price of the device hasn't been set yet, but is expected to be comparable with the typical average yearly expense of using a wheelchair.
The robotic suit improves the quality of life of people paralyzed from the waist down, according to Goffer, who wanted to give paraplegics an alternative to using a wheelchair. It also benefits their overall health since it keeps their bodies active all day long, he says.
But when it comes down to it, the invention is all about helping people regain respect. Dignity is "the No. 1 problem" for people who use wheelchairs, says Goffer.
For Kaiof, the former soldier, the robotic suit has changed his life. Before he tried it on, his daughter had never seen him stand before.
When he stood before her for the first time, she couldn't believe just how tall he was, he recounted to CNN
2/2/2009 | Kategori:
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2009
A range of world leading Tracerco technologies can be used to ensure your flow metering systems run at maximum efficiency.
These specialist services are used on-stream to calibrate one, two or three phase flows to confirm the accuracy of a variety of installed meters.
Areas of application include:
Measurement of gas flow rate
Measurement of water flow rate
Measurement of hydrocarbon condensate flow rate
Independent measurement of shrinkage
Technology in multiphase flow rate calibration
For many years two-phase and multi-phase flows have been common throughout the oil and gas industry. Until recently, such flows were measured by separating the flow into its constituent components in a test separator followed by conventional single phase metering techniques.
In the constant drive towards more efficient production, development has been focused away from traditional test separators towards more flexible lower cost multiphase metering. Along with these meters goes the need for periodic in-situ calibration. This has led to the development of the TRACERCO Diagnostics™ PhaseCal.
The principle of the measurement is based on the tracer dilution technique that Tracerco have been using for more than forty years. Tracerco can offer the service using either radioactive or non-radioactive tracers. In order to obtain the best quality information, each particular measurement will require subtle changes in the technique. Tracerco’s well trained staff can draw upon years of experience in this technology to ensure that the client gets the maximum amount of useful information from the tests.
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Know your customer
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Know your customer (KYC) is the due diligence and bank regulation that financial institutions and other regulated companies must perform to identify their clients and ascertain relevant information pertinent to doing financial business with them. In the USA, KYC is typically a policy implemented to conform to a customer identification program mandated under the Bank Secrecy Act and USA PATRIOT Act. Know your customer policies have becoming increasingly important globally to prevent identity theft fraud, money laundering and terrorist financing. In a simple form these rules may equate to answering twelve questions, but this is the tip of the iceberg and regulators now expect much more. KYC should not be thought of as a form to be filled - it is a process to be undergone from the start of a customer relationship to the end.
One aspect of KYC checking is to verify that the customer is not on any list of known fraudsters, terrorists or money launderers, such as the Office of Foreign Assets Control's Specially Designated Nationals list. This list contains thousands of entries and is updated at least monthly. As well as sanctions lists there are lists of third party vendors that track links between persons regarded as high-risk owing to negative reports in the media about them or in public records.
Beyond name matching, a key aspect of KYC controls is to monitor transactions of a customer against their recorded profile, history on the customers account(s) and with peers.
Banks doing KYC monitoring for anti-money laundering (AML) and Counter-Terrorism Financing (CTF) purposes increasingly use specialised transaction monitoring software, particularly names analysis software and trend monitoring software. The generated alerts identify unusual activity which is then subject to due diligence or enhanced due diligence (EDD) processes that use internal and external sources of information on the subject, including the internet. This helps to determine whether a transaction or activity is suspicious and requires reporting to the authorities. In the US it would require Suspicious Activity Reporting (SAR) filing to Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN). In the UK it would require a report to Serious Organised Crime Agency (SOCA).
KYC has different connotations and the definition above is from an AML/CTF perspective.
Know Your Customer processes are also employed by regular companies of all sizes, for the purpose of ensuring their proposed agents', consultants' or distributors' anti-bribery compliance. Banks, insurers and export credit agencies are increasingly demanding that customers provide detailed anti-corruption due diligence information, to verify their probity and integrity.
Some specialist consultancies help multinational companies and SMEs conduct Know Your Customer processes when entering new markets.
<_script /><_script />
[edit] Enhanced due diligence
EDD has not been internationally defined. As a result financial institutions are at risk of being held to differing standards dependent upon their jurisdiction and regulatory environment. An article published by Peter Warrack in the July 2006 edition of ACAMS Today (Association of Certified Anti-Money laundering Specialists) suggests the following:
“A rigorous and robust process of investigation over and above (KYC) procedures, that seeks with reasonable assurance to verify and validate the customer’s identity; understand and test the customer’s profile, business and account activity; identify relevant adverse information and risk assess the potential for money laundering and / or terrorist financing to support actionable decisions to mitigate against financial, regulatory and reputational risk and ensure regulatory compliance.”
Using a risk-based, tiered approach the definition can be tailored to suit a particular product or service.
It is assumed that usually EDD is triggered by regulatory requirement, risk-scoring and detection systems and that in a tiered approach, the process becomes more manual as the level of EDD increases.
[edit] Characteristics of EDD
| This article or section has been nominated to be checked for its neutrality.
Discussion of this nomination can be found on the talk page. (December 2007) |
[edit] Rigorous and robust
Generally this means consistent, thorough and accurate. The process must be documented and available for inspection by regulators.
The process must be SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Timebound),[1] scalable and proportionate to the risk and resources.
[edit] Over and above KYC procedures
EDD files rely upon initial client screening. This definition requires revalidation of the customer’s identity – knowing the client’s identity, not who they say they are. EDD processes should use a tiered approach dependent upon the risk.
Crucial to the integrity of any EDD process is the reliability of information and information sources, the type and quality of information sources used, properly trained analysts who know where to look for information, how to look and how to corroborate, interpret and decide the results. Open source intelligence companies such as World Compliance, aggregate this information and compile it daily into a comprehensive database.
Searching on Google, for example, means different things to different people. Experience has shown poor returns from staff that believed they were experienced, but in practice were not and consequently failed to find relevant information.i
[edit] Reasonable assurance
What is reasonable depends upon factors including jurisdiction, risk and resources. For sanction matches it depends upon information provided by regulators. In all cases the suggested standard is to the civil standard of proof i.e. on the balance of probability.
[edit] Relevant adverse information
Information obtained from any source, including the Internet, free and subscription databases and the media, which is directly or indirectly indicative of involvement in money laundering, terrorist financing or predicate offenses.
Examples include fraud and other dishonesty, drug trafficking, smuggling or other proscribed offences, references to money laundering, or conducting business, residing in or frequenting countries deemed by the Financial Action Task Force and/or (institution) as being countries under sanction or countries with which (institution) does not do business; to official sanctions or watch lists; and to investigations, convictions or disciplinary findings by authorized regulatory bodies.
[edit] KYC in different countries
In USA: Pursuant to the USA Patriot Act of 2001, the Secretary of the Treasury was required to finalize regulations before October 26 2002, so KYC is now mandatory for all US banks
In India: RBI has introduced KYC guidelines for all banks first time vide circular DBOD. No. AML.BC.18/ 14.01.001/2002-2003 dated August 16 2002. Later vide circular no DBOD.NO.AML.BC.58/14.01.001/2004-05 dated November 29 2004, RBI has directed that all banks shall ensure that they are fully compliant with the provisions of this circular before December 31 2005. Therefore KYC is fully implemented in India.
In South Africa: The Financial Intelligence Centre Act 38 of 2001 (FICA
27/1/2009 | Kategori:
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AkPCE-OM 100A / PCE-OM 200ku - Stroboskop
Tragbares, akkubetriebenes Stroboskop für den Profi im Betrieb /
lieferbar in zwei Varianten mit unterschiedlichen Messbereichen und Genauigkeiten
Das Stroboskop wird meist eingesetzt zur Drehzahl- bzw. Schwingungsmessung oder auch für Bewegungsbeobachtungen. Dieses Stroboskop besitzt eine kleine Bauform und hat ein geringes Gewicht. So kann das Stroboskop selbst bei Messungen an schwer zugänglichen Stellen bequem eingesetzt werden. Das Gerät ist das optimale Werkzeug für den Praktiker.
Die Blitzfrequenz wird über einen Drehknopf am Stroboskop eingestellt und auf einem digitalen Display angezeigt. Ein Dauerbetrieb ist mit dem Stroboskop problemlos möglich. Das Gerät verfügt zusätzlich über einen Triggereingang, wodurch eine externe Triggerung bzw. Synchronisation ermöglicht werden. Die Versorgungsspannung wird von einem internen wiederaufladbaren Akku geliefert. So ist das Stroboskop völlig flexibel einsetzbar. Die Erfahrung zeigt, dass der Akku über viele Jahre hinweg hält. Über Tastatur kann die halbe oder doppelte Drehzahl angewählt werden. Unsere weiteren Stroboskope sehen Sie auf der Stroboskope-Oberseite. Beispiele für die Verwendung des Gerätes sehen Sie hier.
Akku-betriebenes Stroboskop PCE-OM 100A
in Standardausführung
Bedienungsanleitung von diesem Stroboskop
ansehen / ausdrucken:
Akku-betriebenes Stroboskop PCE-OM 200
mit erhöhter Genauigkeit
Bedienungsanleitung von diesem Stroboskop
ansehen / ausdrucken:
Triggereingang / Display
Durch den externen Triggereingang kann das Stroboskop getriggert werden. Der Anschluss geschieht über einen 2-poligen NPN. Der Eingang ist TTL-kompatibel. Am Stroboskop ist der Drehknopf zur Frequenzeinstellung während einer Triggerung deaktiviert, solange der Triggerstecker eingesteckt ist. Das Triggerkabel selbst, ein normales TTL-Kabel bieten wir nicht an. Dieses Kabel ist sehr einfach in jedem Musikgeschäft oder Hifi-Geschäft zu bekommen. Die nachfolgenden Bilder geben Ihnen einen Eindruck über die Bedieneinheit, das Display und die Trigger-Stecker auf der Stroboskop-Rückseite.
Leuchtkegel
Einsatzgebiete
Dieses Stroboskop ist das ideale Werkzeug für Service-Techniker und Instandhaltungspersonal von industriellen Anlagen und Maschinen. Überprüfen Sie die Drehzahl, den Gleichlauf oder machen Sie Fehler sichtbar, die Sie mit bloßem Auge gar nicht erkennen - bringen Sie Prozesse optisch zum Stillstand.
Das Stroboskop hat sich seit Jahren in vielen industriellen Prozessen, aber auch in der Forschung u. Entwicklung bewährt:
- an Abfüllanlagen und Etikettiermaschinen von Brauereien und Mineralwasserproduzenten
- an Papier- und Druckmaschinen
(Druckerei: Das Stroboskop dient hier dem Erkennen des Passers bei Geschwindigkeiten über 60
m/min. Man betrachtet die Bahn vor der Aufwicklung mit dem Stroboskop).
Mit dem Stroboskop kann man sehr gut kleinste Prozessfehler, wie z.B. Pulsationen optisch
sichtbar machen. Das nachfolgende Bild wurde an dem Langsieb einer Papiermaschine gemacht.
Alle Leisten und Sauger unterhalb des entlang dieser Leisten laufenden Siebes arbeiteten ein-
wandfrei, bis auf eine. Dies war natürlich optisch nicht sichtbar. Mit dem Stroboskop konnte die
Fehlerquelle von sehr feinen Markierungen am fertigen Papier erkannt werden.
- an Webmaschinen in Textilfabriken
- in der Automobilindustrie
- an schnelllaufenden Maschinen und Motoren
Das Stroboskop wird wesentlich zur Ermittlung der Drehzahl, wie auf dem nebenstehenden Bild zu sehen ist, verwendet. Oftmals dient dies der Überprüfung bzw. dem Abgleich der Drehzahl von grossen Schnellläufern mit den Daten aus dem Prozessleitsystem oder dem an einer Digitalanzeige angegebenen Drehzahlwert, der meist elektrisch vom Antrieb her kommt.
Zudem wird der Wellenschaft auf Rundlauf geprüft. Somit ist das Stroboskop das optimale Werkzeug zur Inspektion von Motoren, Wellen, Treibriemen, Zylindern... eben vom allem, was rotiert, im Betrieb.
- an Ventilationssystemen in der Klimaindustrie
- an Bandwalzanlagen in der Stahlindustrie
- ... überall dort, wo drehende Teile im Einsatz sind oder in Produktionsprozessen mit hohen Stückzahlen ist das Stroboskop das optimale Hilfsmittel
Hinweis zur Unfallverhütung beim Einsatz vom Stroboskop: Alle Objekte, die mit dem Stroboskop optisch zum Stillstand gebracht werden, bewegen sich mit hoher Geschwindigkeit. Bewahren Sie deshalb immer einen Sicherheitsabstand und berühren Sie nicht das Testobjekt.
Allgemeine Hinweise zur Stroboskop-Benutzung
Die nebenstehenden Bilder zeigen Ihnen, wie Sie das Stroboskop richtig einsetzen, um korrekte Werte bzw. ein optimales Standbild zu erzeugen oder welche Ursache, hinter z.B. einer doppelten (statt 110/ min sind es 220/ min) Drehzahl steckt. Die richtige Vorgehensweise gilt natürlich generell, auch wenn hier nur das Beispiel eines Antriebes und einer Antriebswelle behandelt werden.
Bei der Begutachtung nur eines Riementriebes ist ein optischer Stillstand leicht zu erreichen (irgend eine markante Stelle ist hier immer zu finden, auf die Sie das Stroboskop einstellen können).
Bei der Betrachtung von mehreren Keilriemen mit dem Stroboskop, sollten Sie, wenn möglich, z.B. bei Reparatur- o. Wartungsstillstand der Maschine eine Referenzlinie mittels Kreide senkrecht zur Laufrichtung über alle Riemen hinweg markieren.
Beispiel der Messung an einer Welle:
Bei einer gut bzw. optimal zentrierten Welle mit Laufrad messen Sie bei optischem Stillstand immer die tatsächliche Drehzahl. Hat das Laufrad aber einen axialen Schlag oder eine Unwucht, so werden Sie mit dem Stroboskop z.B. die doppelte Drehzahl messen. Diese Tatsache führt im Betrieb vor Ort sehr oft zu Fehleinschätzungen.
Technische Daten
Stroboskop - Modell PCE-OM 100A PCE-OM 200
Messbereiche 120 ... 6000 U/min
2 ... 100 Hz 30 ... 14000 U/min
0,5 ... 233,33 Hz
Auflösung 0,1 /min
Genauigkeit ±0,1 % ±0,01 %
Messabstand maximal (je nach Umgebung) 1 m 1,5 m
Blitzleistung 13 W
Signaleingang / Triggereingang 2,5 ... 15 V / NPN Open Collector / 2-Draht Näherungsschalter / Schaltrelais
Phasenverschiebung nein ja. bis 360 °
Lampe 13 W Xenonlampe, weiss, 6300 K
Versorgung wiederaufkadbarer Akku 14,4 V DC
Batterieladegerät 230 VAC / 50 ... 60 Hz / 1 m Kabel
Betriebszeit 60 min Dauerbetrieb / Ladezeit 15 h
Display 5-stelliges LED
Gehäuse ABS-Kunststoff
Abmessungen 178 x 121 x 219 mm 110 x 185 x 300 mm
Umgebungsbedingungen 0 ... +40 °C / <95 % r.F.
Gewicht 910 g 1880 g
Lieferumfang
1 x akku-betriebenes Stroboskop (entweder Modell PCE-OM 100A oder Modell PCE-OM 200), 1 x wieder aufladbarer Akku, 1 x Ladegerät, 1 x Stromkabel für das Ladegerät, Anleitung
Bei PCE-OM 200 zusätzlich mit Ersatzblitzröhre und Tragekoffer.
additional
Triggerkabel (Impulseingang)
Zum externen Anschluß ans Stroboskop, z.B. bei Triggerung via Maschinengeschwindigkeit.
Dieses Kabel dient der Impuls-Triggerung.
Triggerkabel (Kontakt-Eingang)
Zum externen Anschluss an das Stroboskop, z.B. bei Triggerung über eine externe Vorgabe der Geschwindigkeit. Dieses Kabel dient der Kontakt-Triggerung.
Ersatz-Akku
Wenn Sie das Stroboskop sehr oft und für einen längeren Zeitraum benutzen, empfiehlt es sich, einen Ersatz-Akku als Wechsel-Akku zu ordern. So haben Sie immer einen im Gerät und einen Akku am Ladenetzteil.
Ersatz-Xenonlampe
Die Langlebigkeit der Xenon-Blitzlampen ist sehr groß. Wenn Sie aber das Stroboskop etwa im Außendienst verwenden möchten und im Auftrag von Kunden Messungen durchführen, so sollten Sie immer eine Ersatz-Lampe dabei haben, um nicht plötzlich in Probleme zu kommen.
Stativ
Für etwaige Langzeitaufnahmen (z.B. 8 h) an Maschinen oder Anlagen empfiehlt es sich, das Stroboskop auf einem Stativ zu montieren. Dies kann sinnvoll sein bei einer Steuerung des Gerätes mittels externem Trigger bei Regelung der Blitzfrequenz anhand der Geschwindigkeit einer Maschine.
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Add Scanning Capabilites to Your Huntron Tracker Model 30 System
Tracker Model 30 shown with Scanner II underneath |
|
Adding a Huntron® Scanner to your Tracker Model 30 system lets you access components using standard DIP clips and cables, custom cables to PCB connectors or interface to a bed-of-nails.
You can compare one component with another in real-time (64 pins max.) or use your PC to automate testing and scan up to 128 pins.
Huntron Scanners can be used with a Huntron Access Prober to provide Common line connections while the Prober is probing a PCB. This method gives you up to 128 selectable Commons to use. For example, you can connect the Scanner to a connector on a PCB mounted in the Prober using a common ribbon style cable. While the Prober is probing, any one of the lines on the connected ribbon cable can be selected as the Common reference. This would provide you true point-to-point testing capabilities.
Note: The ProTrack Scanner will be replaced by the Scanner II and/or the Scanner 31S effective 1/1/2008. This applies to commercial sales only.
Scanner II and Scaner 31S users may want to consider these Optional Accessories to enhance their test capabilities.
Highlights:
- The Scanner II and Scanner 31S accessories add scanning capability to the Tracker Model 30
- All Scanners have a minimum 64 pin capability
- The Scanner II can scan up to 128 pins when the A and B channels are combined
- The Scanner 31S use standard IDC style connectors
- The Scanner II uses the common SCSI-2 (68 pin) style connectors
- Up to 8 Scanner IIs can be “daisy-chained” to increase the available number of test pins
Selecting Accessories for your Scanner II
The Scanner II accessories for interfacing to your printed circuit board come "ala carte". This means that you select the accessories you want included with your Scanner. Choose from SMT or through-hole style DIP clip and cable kits (Scanner Adapter required with Scanner II) or a mutli-pin breakout cable. Details on these accessories are provided on this page
27/1/2009 | Kategori:
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ASC is a leading manufacturer of specialized process equipment, control systems, and custom manufacturing software used in the composites, plastics, glass, solar, lumber, and concrete, coatings, and finishing industries. Our product lines include composite autoclaves, glass-laminating autoclaves, concrete autoclaves, industrial ovens, composite ovens, electroplating automation systems, process control software, autoclave control software, oven control software, and crane and hoist control software including scheduling. We're located in Los Angeles, CA and support thousands o
Autoclaves and other equipment
ASC manufactures a range of process equipment, including autoclaves, ovens, presses, heating systems, cooling systems, vacuum systems, and specialty pressure equipment. We also buy and sell used equipment.
systems and hundreds of customers w
Control & power systems
ASC is a leading supplier of control and power systems for a wide variety of equipment and industries. We specialize in PC-based and PLC-based control solutions. Our PC-based systems typically feature our industry-standard CPC control software package.
orldwide.
Software for controls and manufacturing
ASC can develop custom software solutions for a wide variety of manufacturing applications. Our CPC software is the world's leading software for control of autoclaves, ovens, and many other applications. Our FLEXTIME software is also the leading PC-based solution for electro-plating and anodizing control
But is an RTOS always necessary? The answer is application-specific, so understanding what one will deliver is key to determining whether it becomes a requirement or an extravagance.
In general, an RTOS can be used anywhere a non-RTOS is employed. However, it’s rare to find an operating system with a matching RTOS that has exactly the same application programming interface (API). Many of them, though, embed an RTOS within a conventional operating system. For example, Lynux- Works LynxOS and Bluecat Linux share a Linux API. LynxOS is a hard RTOS, while Bluecat inherits its base from Linux.
Linux continues to improve its real-time performance, but its worst-case interrupt latency still doesn’t meet what would be considered hard real time for an RTOS. It all comes down to quality of service (QoS). Platforms like RTLinux Free augment Linux, providing hard real-time class QoS.
It’s important to note that this type of addition often incorporates an RTOS programming environment that’s distinct from the original operating system. An RTOS is typically small compared to a conventional desktop or server OS. They often target more smaller, resource-constrained microcontrollers. For instance, CMX’s CMX-RTX and CMX-Tiny+ can run on 8-bit MCUs up through 64-bit processors.
The increased power and memory capacity of 8-bit processors is making an RTOS more desirable for these platforms. But, an OS or RTOS is usually a requirement in 16-bit platforms and up with RTOS products like Express Logic’s ThreadX, Wind River’s VxWorks, Micrium’s uCOS-II, and Green Hills Software’s velOSity being common selections. Depending on requirements, MontaVista’s Linux meets 16- and 32-bit platform requirements in the low microsecond range.
THE RTOS CORE: SCHEDULING AND PARTITIONING
Most programmers aren’t familiar with RTOS constraints and requirements. Most usually opt for an RTOS due to its performance. Most RTOS products are small and fast, yet an RTOS also adds consistency. Beyond the fact that an RTOS gets the job done quickly, it can guarantee a job will get done.
In many applications, a late result can be catastrophic. Thus, a poor result within the proper timeframe is preferable. These applications are generally called hard real-time systems. Hard real time doesn’t indicate how fast the system may be or how quickly a system may respond. Rather, it refers to how reliably a system can meet the specified requirements.
A hard real-time system may have a fixed cycle time of one minute with a response time of one second. In theory, it’s something almost any operating system could handle. This isn’t always the case, though, as anyone can attest to when waiting for a desktop application to respond within a minute.
Hard real-time systems typically have shorter cycle times and tighter response requirements. Faster processors always help, and multicore platforms can improve response time, too. The trick for developers is to match system requirements to the hardware and software, hence the importance of an RTOS in embedded applications.
An RTOS can implement a range of scheduling policies, and the application will often restrict a programmer’s choices (see the table). Non-preemptive scheduling is trivial to implement but useful in some applications. On the other hand, non-preemptive scheduling within a task can be implemented on top of a preemptive system.
Non-preemptive should not be overlooked, especially in light of new multicore processors. Here, hardware may be tuned to handle an event-based operation in which a thread will wait for an external event to occur. This approach is usually unsuitable for a single-core processor handling multiple threads. On multicore systems with many cores, though, it’s often typical to dedicate one core to handle one peripheral. It then makes sense to have that core idle while waiting for an event to occur.
As a result, preemptive, interrupt-driven RTOS architectures make up the majority of platforms deployed. These platforms have a range of requirements, issues, and solutions (see the figure). Interrupt latency is always an issue, although hardware— multiple register sets, hardware scheduling and task switching, and hierarchical priority interrupt systems—can significantly reduce this overhead.
Several issues coincide with preemption. Most are timing-related, like race conditions, deadlock, starvation, and priority inversion, which occurs when a low-priority task A owns a synchronization resource of a higher-priority task B, and a task C with priority higher than A is running.
Without a feature like priority ceilings, task C can prevent task A and C from running. A priority-ceiling feature changes the priority of task A to that of task C, allowing it to run and eventually release the resource needed by C. At this point, task A’s priority returns to normal and task C can run.
The other timing-related issues, which the programmer must address, are often the sources of bugs that are difficult to locate and correct. Trace tools become valuable assets in locating these kinds of bugs, since symptoms such as blocked tasks are the only indication of the problem
Analytik Jena brings an innovation on the market — the contrAA® series — which exceeds the performance of conventional AA spectrometers in all parameters.
This new technology — High-Resolution Continuum Source AAS — represents previously unattained effectiveness
and quality of measurement results. Following decades of experience in the development of spectrometers and graphite furnaces and in cooperation with partners from leading research institutes, a vision becomes reality — the start of a new generation in AAS, with the contrAA® series, which finally closes the gap between ICP OES and AAS.
High-Resolution Continuum Source AAS (HR-CS AAS) covers the complete spectral range from the near vacuum-UV to the near infrared with a single continuum source, providing innovative capabilities. For the first time, genuine sequential multi-element analysis is implemented in AAS without the need for a multitude of different light sources.
At first glance:
- Maximum versatility and flexibility
- Guaranteed stability
Improved accuracy Maximum information content Speed for higher efficiency New level of performance Fast sequential multi-element determination for flame AAS Simultaneous background correction Full post processing of measurement (FPP)
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Unique Flexibility
The xenon short-arc lamp as a continuum source is ideal for any element to be analyzed. No matter how frequently or seldom you have to determine an element, the HR-CS AAS instrument is immediately ready for measurement. You have every freedom for line selection, as the source covers the entire continuous wavelength range. All absorbing atom lines are immediately available, irrespective of the emission properties of the HCL (such as windows transmissive to UV or visible radiation). In addition, several new types of lines can be used for analysis.
Immediate Readiness for Measurement
The immediate readiness for measurement provided by HR-CS AAS is due to the fact that the lamp needs no fixed warm-up time to avoid output drift. Innovative correction algorithms continuously compensate any drift or fluctuation of the spectrometer including the source.
Improved Performance
HR-CS AAS features an improved signal-to-noise ratio and markedly better detection limits. This is due to the higher radiation density of the Xe continuum source compared to HCLs, and the enormously increased quantum efficiency of a CCD semiconductor detector compared to the photomultiplier tube commonly used in line-source AAS (LS AAS). HR-CS AAS is the first technique that c an efficiently correct spectral interferences in flame AAS by structured flames or molecule structures. This provides improved simultaneous background correction, and capabilities to correct spectral interferences to increase the accuracy of analytical results
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